Window structure



Jan. 6, 1959 v. P. FRDlcKsEN ErAL 2,867,009

WINDOW STRUCTURE Filed Feb. 6, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan. 6, 1959 vfP. FREDRxcKsEN ET AL 2,867,009

WINDOW STRCTURE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 6, 1957 WINDOW STRUCTURE Vern P. Fredricksen, Bayport, Minn., and Lyle W. Ward,

Hudson, Wis., assignors to Andersen Corporation, Bay- This invention relates to improved window structures and particularly to such structures having hinged sashes, as distinguished from sliding sashes, and to an improved arrangement of interlocking rail members of the respective sashes and hinge means for guiding a sash to and from various open positions.

lt is an object of our invention to provide a novel low cost window structure of the class described adapted to facilitate installation and maintenance.

A particular object is to provide a window having an upper sash which is normally fastened in a fixed position and provided with a lower or meeting rail adapted to eliminate the need for a transom bar for windows of the hinged type and a lower sash having a hinge rail formed to interlock with the meeting rail of the upper sash when in closed position, in combination with hinge means adapted to guide the lower sash downward and outward to various angular, open positions.

. Our invention also includes other novel features of construction which will be described and claimed in the following specification.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate by way of example and not for the purpose of limitation, a preferred embodiment of ourvimproved window structure: y

Figure 1 is a front elevational View of a window embodying our invention, as seen from the outside of a house;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of one of the hinge supports for the lower sash, with the members in partially extended position;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1, and

Fig 5 is an elevational view showing one of the brackets for fastening the upper sash in closed position with lfragmentary portions of the adjacent window members.

As illustrated, our structure includes a frame of common type having side jambs 10, a header 11,`a sill 12, a sub-sill 13 and outside casing members including a head casing member 14 and side casing members 15. An upper sash indicated generally by the numeral 16 and a lower sash indicated generally by the numeral 17, are adapted to be mounted substantially in a common plane in the window frame, as indicated in Fig. 4. Vertical stops 19 provide abutments for the inner sides of both of the sashes 16 and 17 but no stops are required at the outer side of either sash. The upper sash 16 has a top rail 20 formed with a tongue 21 which lits in a groove 22 formed in the header 11. Extending parallel to the top rail 20 is a lower or meeting rail 23 of the upper sash and extending between the rails 20 and 23 are stile members 24. Either double glazing, as shown, or single glazing may be provided in each sash. The principal members of the lower sash 17 comprise a hinge rail 25, a lock rail 26 and stile members 27 carrying suitable States Patent glazing, Extending continuously along the upper side of the rail 25 is a tongue 28 which fits into a groove 29 formed in the rail 23.

A bracket indicated generally at 30, is secured by screws 30a to each of the stops 19 and is formed with a flange 31 which normally engages the lower surface of the rail 23. A screw 32 may be used to fasten the upper sash'to the ange 31, as indicated in Figs. 4 and 5. Flange 31 of each bracket is inclined from the inner side downward toward the outer side of the window and has a horizontal portion which is perforated to receive the screw 32. This permits the lower rail of the upper sash to be swung outward, after removing the screws 32, when the upper sash is to be removed. As further indicated in Fig. 4, a screen 33 may be mounted at the inner side of the stops 19 and in rabbets formed in the rail 23 and sill 12.

Suitable hinge means for guiding the lower sash 17 to and from various open positions are shown in detail in Figs. 2 and 3. As shown, at each side of the lower sash there is a vertically extending channel shaped guide 34 having aflange 34a which is secured by screws 34h to the side jamb 10. This guide is slidably engaged by a vertically elongated hook shaped llange formed on a slide 35, shown in end view in Fig. 2. The upper ends of the guide 34 and slide 35 are located approximately at the elevation of the upper edge of the sash 17 when this sash is in closed position.

Toggle joint type hinges are operatively connected to the slide 35 at each side. Each of these hinges includes a toggle member 36 having a pivot connection 37 with the slide 35 and a toggle member 38 having a pivot connection39 with the member 36 and a pivot connection 40 at its lower end with a fixed bracket 41 secured to the jamb 10. Toggle members36 and slides 3S are contained in rabbeted recesses extending along the outer edge surfaces respectively of the stiles 27 and two or more countersunk lscrews 42 rigidly connect each member 36 to the lower sash 17. When this sash is in its closed position toggle members 36 and 38 are vertically disposed with the centers of the pivot members 37, 39 and 40 in a common vertical plane. Downward movement of each slide 35 in its guide 34 is limited by a stop 43 secured to the guide 34 near its lower end (Fig. 3).

To open the lower sash, its lock rail 26 is moved outwardly so that its upper edge pivots about the pivot connections 37 at the center of the tongue 28 and the sash is moved downward and outward by the toggle mem bers 36 and 38 which move the slides 35 downward in the guides 34 while the sash is supported by the screws 42 connecting it to the toggle members 36 at each side. Thus the lower sash may be moved to any selected angular open position.

Suitable latch or lock mechanism may be connected to the lock rail 26 or stiles 27 for operation from the inner side of the window. For hand operation, the screen 33 may be so mounted as to swing in ward to allow access to the sash 17. Otherwise, lock mechanism having an extension projecting inward below or at a side of the screen frame may be provided and the screen may be left in closed position when the lower sash is actuated to or from an open position. Since such lock and actuating mechanism forms no part of the present invention, it is not shown in the drawings. As indicated at 44, weatherstripping is provided between the head jamb 11 and rail 20, between the rails 23 and 25, between the sill 12 and rail 2 6 and continuously along the sides of both sashes in grooves formed in the side jambs 10.

By our utilization of the lower or meeting rail of the upper sash as a fixed abutment for the upper or hinge rail of the lower sash, we not only eliminate the usual Patented Jan. 6, 1959 transom-bar butalso-aiTorda-maximum of glazed window area Awith .corresponding minimum of -obstruction Yto -the view through the window. The appearance of the window is improved and the construction is simplitied by mounting the upper .and Alower sashes .substantially tinta common plane when in :closed position. Weare'thereby enabled to provide a unitary side Ystop extending -continuously .along `the .inner .side of :the upper and lower sashes and in a common plane with the head land .sill stops.

The construction is :further simplified and improved by our arrangement for swinging the lowei-:sash outward to various open or awning positions and for hingedly supporting the lower sash ontoggle members whichminimize .the .effort required .to lift and swing `this sash asrequired to forcibly closeit vin .interlocking relation to the meeting rail of the upper sash. Facility in closing the sash :results from the mechanical :advantage obtained when the pairs .of .toggle members 36 and 38 are moved from their angular vpositions .to .their vertically laligned positions during the sash closing movement. This advantage makes it ,feasible to utilize our invention in the construction of heavy, double glazed windows.

We claim:

1. A window structure comprising, `a Zframe having header, side ljamb and sill members, upper and lower sashes normally extending substantially in 1a rcommon plane in said frame and having-stilemembers, saidrupper sash having a meeting rail and said lower-sash having a hinge 4rail formed to litin engagement :with saidmeeting if rail and a lock rail adapted to engage said sill member, the upper sash having a top .rail and tongue and groove connection with said header, vertical stops affording abutments for the inner sides of both of :said sashes, said stops normally engaging the stile members ofsaid sashes zi,

in a common vertical yplane and bothofsaid sashes being movable outwardly from said stops yto open positions, angle bracket means for removably fastening-said upper sash in a fixed position in said frame, 'said meeting rail having a portion projecting inwardly from said hinge ,rail and said angle bracket means having a -rst-flange lnormally engaging the lower side of a projecting .portionof said meeting rail and a second ange secured to one of said Vside njarnb members, means -for `detachably securing said iirst angeto said meeting rail, and hinge means having members connected to said side iamb members and to said stile members of the lower sash respectively and disposed to support said lower sash in various open positions uin which said lower sash projects angularly to the upper sash.

2. A window `:structure comprising, a frame having a header, side jamb and sill members, upper and lower sashes normally extending substantially in a common plane in said frame and having vertically disposed stile members, said upper sash having a meeting rail and said lowersash a `hinge rail l formed Lto tit Vin interlocking engagement with said meeting rail, -said meeting rail projecting at the inner side of said hinge rail and having an outwardly and downwardly sloping bottom surface, angle brackets secured to said side jamb members respectively for fastening said upper sash in a xed position in said frame, each of said brackets having an inclined Harige slidablytitting =the Vlower surfaceof an-inwardly projecting portion lof said Imeeting rail and permitting outward swinging ,of said meeting rail and upper sash relative to the frame for removal of theupper sash, means for detachably connecting -said inclined flange of each of said brackets :to said meeting rail, and .hinge means having members connected .to saidside jamb Amembers and to said .stile'members of the lower sash respectively for supportingsaid lower sashin various Aopen positionsin which said .sash projects .angularly to -and outwardly from the uppersash.

vReferencesiCited-in the-file ,of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,360,481 Watson Nov. 30,1920 2,173,175 Marquart Sept. 19, 1939 2,383,395 Kuyper Aug. 21, 1945 lFOREIGN PATENTS 518,762 Germany June`1`7, 1933 

